As varied is India, so are the contrasting weather conditions of the country. Same can be testified through prevailing weather conditions in the country in the last two to three days.
While the western parts of the country including mainly West Rajasthan and adjoining areas are reeling under dry and hot weather conditions, parts of East India like West Bengal, Odisha and Jharkhand are being battered by intense pre-Monsoon rain and thundershowers.
Talking about the temperature profile as well, the maximums of West Rajasthan have been soaring at 45-degree mark and more. On the other hand, West Bengal, Jharkhand, and Odisha have been witnessing drop in maximums which are now settling between 32-33 degrees Celsius for the last many days.
As such, May is the peak month for pre-Monsoon activities over the country. In the northern and western parts of the country, intense heat acts as a catalyst in terms of triggering the pre-Monsoon activities like dust storms, thunderstorms, thundershowers, and rains. However, this needs the passage of an active weather system like an active Western Disturbance to activate pre-Monsoon activities.
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The combination of both along with heat leads to such extreme weather conditions which are the case at present over West India.
Now, talking about the eastern parts of the country, the states like Bihar, Jharkhand, West Bengal and Odisha are vulnerable to severe weather activities at this time of the year.
There are two sources of severe weather activities:
First, Kaal Baisakhi or Nor’westers: The Nor’wester originates from Chota Nagpur Plateau in Jharkhand and adjoining Odisha region. This system has a track record of regenerating while traveling along its journey from Jharkhand to West Bengal and then towards Bangladesh. All through its journey, these Nor’westers, locally known as Kal Baisakhi takes the shape of squall lines and covers a larger area, thus affecting the region with incessant rains, squally winds, thundershowers or thunderstorms accompanied with lightning strikes. These Nor’westers are so destructive in nature that may cause destruction to life and property both.
Secondly, an anti-cyclone which pumps in the moist winds from the Bay of Bengal and affects the coastal areas along the East Coast. This weather system moves along the coastal parts of South Odisha coast and travels towards West Bengal.
Moreover, the severity of this weather system depends upon the height as well that may last up to 30, 000 feet and may even go up to a height of 50, 000 feet. Thus, both these weather systems are responsible for the extreme weather conditions over these eastern regions.
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